CVE-2026-40520
FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping.
Does this matter?
High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (1.38%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit.
Description
FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.
- CVSS 4.0
- 8.6 HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M
- EPSS
- 1.38% probability · 72th percentile
- Public exploits
- None in Exploit-DB
- CISA KEV
- Not listed
- Weakness
- CWE-78
- Affected
- freepbx/api
- Source
- disclosure@vulncheck.com
EPSS moved from 2.4% on 24 September 2026 to 1.4% on 26 October 2026.
References
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3Product
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136Product
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6Patch
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphqlThird Party Advisory
Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA, exploits from Exploit-DB. Refreshed daily. Download this record as JSON.