{"id":"CVE-2026-40520","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-40520","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T10:36:42.137Z","title":"FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping.","description":"FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.","published":"2026-04-21T13:16:20.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-26T21:10:00.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"disclosure@vulncheck.com","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-78"],"affected":["freepbx/api"],"epss":{"score":0.01379,"percentile":0.71962,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[{"date":"2026-09-24","score":0.02424,"percentile":0.83488},{"date":"2026-10-25","score":0.01379,"percentile":0.71909}]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (1.38%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3","tags":["Product"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136","tags":["Product"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6","tags":["Patch"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphql","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40520","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}