CVE-2025-52886
Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free.
Does this matter?
Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.45%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own.
Description
Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free. Version 25.06.0 patches the issue.
- CVSS 4.0
- 5.5 MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M
- EPSS
- 0.45% probability · 39th percentile
- Public exploits
- None in Exploit-DB
- CISA KEV
- Not listed
- Weakness
- CWE-416
- Affected
- freedesktop/poppler
- Source
- security-advisories@github.com
EPSS 0.4% since 26 October 2026; no change recorded yet. Points are recorded when the score first appears and whenever it moves by a percentage point or more.
References
- https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/04bd91684ed41d67ae0f10cde0660e4ed74ac203Patch
- https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/ac36affcc8486de38e8905a8d6547a3464ff46e5Patch
- https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1581Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
- https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1828Product
- https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2025-054_poppler/Exploit, Third Party Advisory
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/5
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/12/1
Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA, exploits from Exploit-DB. Refreshed daily. Download this record as JSON.