{"id":"CVE-2025-52886","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-52886","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T00:18:25.224Z","title":"Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free.","description":"Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free. Version 25.06.0 patches the issue.","published":"2025-07-02T16:15:29.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T09:37:13.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":5.5,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-416"],"affected":["freedesktop/poppler"],"epss":{"score":0.00446,"percentile":0.38575,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.45%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/04bd91684ed41d67ae0f10cde0660e4ed74ac203","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/ac36affcc8486de38e8905a8d6547a3464ff46e5","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1581","tags":["Exploit","Issue Tracking","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1828","tags":["Product"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2025-054_poppler/","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/5","source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/12/1","source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52886","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}