VulnerabilityAnalyzed

CVE-2026-35391

An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses).

HIGH 8.7EPSS 0.14%

Does this matter?

High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.14%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit.

Description

Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to 1.4.11, the getClientIP() function in lib/admin/session.ts trusted the first (leftmost) entry of the X-Forwarded-For header, which is fully controlled by the client. An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.11.

CVSS 4.0: 8.7 HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M
EPSS: 0.14% probability · 3th percentile
CISA KEV: Not listed
Weakness: CWE-348
Affected: bulwarkmail/webmail
Source: security-advisories@github.com

References

https://github.com/bulwarkmail/webmail/security/advisories/GHSA-7pj2-232x-6698Vendor Advisory

Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA. Refreshed daily.