VulnerabilityDeferred

CVE-2026-13149

brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service.

HIGH 7.7EPSS 0.36%

Does this matter?

High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.36%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit.

Description

brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.

CVSS 4.0: 7.7 HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M
EPSS: 0.36% probability · 30th percentile
CISA KEV: Not listed
Weakness: CWE-400, CWE-407
Source: 22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df

References

Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA. Refreshed daily.