SOC status:Duty analyst on shift

UK Cyber Defence
VulnerabilityModified

CVE-2026-10097

Ciphertexts that differ from the expected re-encryption solely in bytes 1536-1567 bypass implicit rejection and are accepted as valid, breaking IND-CCA2 security.

HIGH 8.3EPSS 0.26%

Does this matter?

High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.26%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit.

Description

wolfSSL's AVX2-optimized ML-KEM implementation (mlkem_cmp_avx2) compares only 1536 of the 1568 ciphertext bytes during the Fujisaki-Okamoto re-encryption check in ML-KEM-1024 decapsulation. Ciphertexts that differ from the expected re-encryption solely in bytes 1536-1567 bypass implicit rejection and are accepted as valid, breaking IND-CCA2 security. An attacker able to submit chosen ciphertexts to a decapsulation oracle that uses a static ML-KEM-1024 key, and to observe whether the genuine shared secret or the implicit-rejection secret was produced, can use this as a plaintext-checking oracle to recover the private key. A proof of concept recovered a full ML-KEM-1024 private key with approximately 98% success using roughly 350 chosen ciphertexts. The flaw is a deterministic logic error and does not rely on timing measurements.

CVSS 4.0
8.3 HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M
EPSS
0.26% probability · 18th percentile
CISA KEV
Not listed
Weakness
CWE-697
Affected
wolfssl/wolfssl
Source
facts@wolfssl.com

Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA. Refreshed daily.