SOC status:Duty analyst on shift

UK Cyber Defence
VulnerabilityAnalyzed

CVE-2025-49601

In MbedTLS 3.3.0 before 3.6.4, mbedtls_lms_import_public_key does not check that the input buffer is at least 4 bytes before reading a 32-bit field, allowing a possible out-of-bounds read on truncated input.

MEDIUM 6.5EPSS 0.27%

Does this matter?

Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.27%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own.

Description

In MbedTLS 3.3.0 before 3.6.4, mbedtls_lms_import_public_key does not check that the input buffer is at least 4 bytes before reading a 32-bit field, allowing a possible out-of-bounds read on truncated input. Specifically, an out-of-bounds read in mbedtls_lms_import_public_key allows context-dependent attackers to trigger a crash or limited adjacent-memory disclosure by supplying a truncated LMS (Leighton-Micali Signature) public-key buffer under four bytes. An LMS public key starts with a 4-byte type indicator. The function mbedtls_lms_import_public_key reads this type indicator before validating the size of its input.

CVSS 3.1
6.5 MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
EPSS
0.27% probability · 20th percentile
CISA KEV
Not listed
Weakness
CWE-125
Affected
trustedfirmware/mbed tls
Source
cve@mitre.org

Source: NVD record, EPSS from FIRST.org, KEV from CISA. Refreshed daily.