{"id":"CVE-2026-74878","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-74878","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T08:27:52.054Z","title":"Attackers can distribute authentication attempts across multiple server instances or retry immediately after a restart to bypass rate limiting protections.","description":"openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.0 use an in-memory rate limiter for TOTP brute-force protection that is not shared across workers and is lost on server restart. Attackers can distribute authentication attempts across multiple server instances or retry immediately after a restart to bypass rate limiting protections.","published":"2026-08-17T11:16:42.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-08T16:17:40.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"disclosure@vulncheck.com","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-770"],"affected":["jahlives/openssl encrypt"],"epss":{"score":0.00749,"percentile":0.54707,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.75%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/security/advisories/GHSA-h45m-mgcp-q388","tags":["Mitigation","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encrypt-before-totp-rate-limiter-bypass","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74878","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}