{"id":"CVE-2026-65629","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-65629","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T01:45:46.780Z","title":"Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort in the jose library allows an attacker who obtains a password-encrypted private-key export to recover the private key through an offline password-cracking attack.","description":"Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort in the jose library allows an attacker who obtains a password-encrypted private-key export to recover the private key through an offline password-cracking attack.\n\nWhen jose exports a password-encrypted private key with jose_jwk:to_der/2 (JOSE.JWK.to_der/2), the jose_jwk_der:to_binary/3 function in src/jwk/jose_jwk_der.erl serializes the key as a PKCS#8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo using the PBES2 scheme with hardcoded key-derivation parameters: PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 with an iteration count of 2048 and an 8-byte (64-bit) random salt. Neither value can be overridden by the caller.\n\nBoth values are far below current guidance (OWASP recommends on the order of 600,000 iterations for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, and NIST recommends salts of at least 128 bits), so the key-stretching work factor is roughly 300 times lower than intended and the short salt reduces the cost of precomputation across keys. The symmetric encryption (AES-256-CBC with a 16-byte random IV) is not affected; the weakness is entirely in the derivation strength. An attacker who obtains one of these exported blobs (for example from a backup, configuration repository, object storage, or logs) can mount a cheap offline dictionary or brute-force attack against the export password, and success yields the full private key.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.10.0 before 1.11.13.","published":"2026-10-26T20:17:59.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-27T15:00:49.000Z","status":"Deferred","sourceIdentifier":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":7.4,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-916"],"affected":[],"epss":null,"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unscored. Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[{"kind":"new","label":"New CVE","at":"2026-10-26T20:17:59.000Z","detail":{"score":"7.4","severity":"HIGH","publishedAt":"2026-10-26T20:17:58.647Z"},"summary":"New CVE, high severity (CVSS 7.4)."}],"references":[{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65629.html","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/461b261902531ca016190e780bb70862d561a7e0","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/85fddd89ee56b6f9c19eff7d9cfffeef62c330b9","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-h4gx-8jq2-mfhc","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65629","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65629","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}