{"id":"CVE-2026-48710","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-48710","generatedAt":"2026-10-30T13:29:43.684Z","title":"Kludex Starlette HTTP Request/Response Smuggling Vulnerability","description":"Starlette is a lightweight ASGI framework/toolkit. Prior to version 1.0.1, the HTTP `Host` request header was not validated before being used to reconstruct `request.url`. Because the routing algorithm relies on the raw HTTP path while `request.url` is rebuilt from the `Host` header, a malformed header could make `request.url.path` differ from the path that was actually requested. Middleware and endpoints that apply security restrictions based on `request.url` (rather than the raw `scope` path) could therefore be bypassed. Users should upgrade to a version greater than or equal to version 1.0.1, which validates the `Host` header against the grammar of RFC 9112 §3.2 / RFC 3986 §3.2.2 when constructing `request.url` and falls back to `scope[\"server\"]` for malformed values.","published":"2026-05-26T22:16:44.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-01T18:17:18.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":6.5,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-444","CWE-1289"],"affected":["encode/starlette","redhat/ai inference server","redhat/ansible automation platform","redhat/migration toolkit for applications","redhat/openshift ai","redhat/openshift lightspeed","redhat/satellite","redhat/enterprise linux ai"],"epss":{"score":0.70288,"percentile":0.99381,"date":"2026-10-29","history":[{"date":"2026-09-24","score":0.07056,"percentile":0.93967},{"date":"2026-10-25","score":0.70288,"percentile":0.99379}]},"kev":{"listed":true,"dateAdded":"2026-09-02","dueDate":"2026-09-16","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","notes":"Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.\nThis vulnerability affects an open-source component, third-party library, protocol, or proprietary implementation that could be used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/Kludex/starlette/security/advisories/GHSA-86qp-5c8j-p5mr ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48710"},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"urgent","text":"Known to be exploited in the wild (CISA KEV, CISA remediation deadline 16 September 2026). Treat as an emergency change: patch or isolate now, then hunt for prior compromise."},"changes":[{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.70288,"from":0.07056,"percentile":0.99379},"summary":"EPSS moved from 7.1% to 70.3% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."},{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.07056,"from":0.36257,"percentile":0.93967},"summary":"EPSS moved from 36.3% to 7.1% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."}],"references":[{"url":"https://badhost.org","tags":["Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/Kludex/starlette/commit/764dab0dcfb9033d75442d7a359645c9f94648c6","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/Kludex/starlette/security/advisories/GHSA-86qp-5c8j-p5mr","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/starlette/PYSEC-2026-161.yaml","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://ostif.org/disclosing-the-badhost-vulnerability-in-starlette","tags":["Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://www.secwest.net/starlette","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://www.x41-dsec.de/lab/advisories/x41-2026-002-starlette","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22992","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22993","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23346","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24866","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26226","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30088","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30089","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34456","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34526","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34532","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37275","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43038","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:44696","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:51357","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60520","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:63337","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-48710","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2481742","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-48710.json","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-48710","tags":["Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"],"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"},{"url":"https://www.wiz.io/blog/ai-infrastructure-honeypot","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"},{"url":"https:/www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2026/08/26/when-ai-infrastructure-becomes-target-securing-gateways-control-points","tags":["Broken Link"],"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48710","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}