{"id":"CVE-2026-23988","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-23988","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T01:50:19.824Z","title":"Versions 4.11 and below contain a race condition (TOCTOU) in src/net.c during the creation, validation, and execution of the Fido PowerShell script.","description":"Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives. Versions 4.11 and below contain a race condition (TOCTOU) in src/net.c during the creation, validation, and execution of the Fido PowerShell script. Since Rufus runs with elevated privileges (Administrator) but writes the script to the %TEMP% directory (writeable by standard users) without locking the file, a local attacker can replace the legitimate script with a malicious one between the file write operation and the execution step. This allows arbitrary code execution with Administrator privileges. This issue has been fixed in version 4.12_BETA.","published":"2026-01-22T22:16:21.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T10:22:24.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":7,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},"cwe":["CWE-367"],"affected":["akeo/rufus"],"epss":{"score":0.00206,"percentile":0.10508,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.21%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/commit/460cc5768aa45be07941b9e4ebc9bee02d282873","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/tag/v4.12_BETA","tags":["Broken Link"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/security/advisories/GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9","tags":["Exploit","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23988","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}