{"id":"CVE-2026-104635","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2026-104635","generatedAt":"2026-10-27T22:46:20.372Z","title":"Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Protobuf.JSON.Decode in elixir-protobuf protobuf allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the decoding process via a deeply nested JSON document.","description":"Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Protobuf.JSON.Decode in elixir-protobuf protobuf allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the decoding process via a deeply nested JSON document. Any application that decodes attacker-supplied JSON with Protobuf.JSON.decode/3, Protobuf.JSON.decode!/3, or Protobuf.JSON.from_decoded/3 into a schema that contains a self-referential or cyclic message type is affected.\n\nIn lib/protobuf/json/decode.ex, the embedded-message clause of decode_singular/3 recurses into internal_from_json_data/3 once per nesting level without incrementing or checking the decoder's depth counter. The depth guard increase_depth_and_maybe_throw/1 covers only the Google.Protobuf.ListValue and Google.Protobuf.Struct clauses, so the recursion_limit option has no effect on user-defined message types. Each nesting level allocates a stack frame and heap objects, and a sufficiently deep document exhausts the memory of the decoding process. Confidentiality and integrity are not affected.\n\nThis issue affects protobuf: from 0.8.0 before 0.17.1.","published":"2026-10-09T09:17:07.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-15T16:17:34.000Z","status":"Deferred","sourceIdentifier":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":8.2,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-674"],"affected":[],"epss":{"score":0.00501,"percentile":0.4261,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[{"date":"2026-10-09","score":0.00387,"percentile":0.30729}]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.50%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[{"kind":"new","label":"New CVE","at":"2026-10-09T09:17:07.000Z","detail":{"score":"8.2","severity":"HIGH","publishedAt":"2026-10-09T09:17:07.360Z"},"summary":"New CVE, high severity (CVSS 8.2)."}],"references":[{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-104635.html","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/b0a1d4eaffaf50012fa71a8e931a47cf252d0370","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/e9432ad1c4099511905353cebcececa3a1f7c3ff","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-m497-c2h9-rvw6","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-104635","source":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-104635","source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-104635","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}