{"id":"CVE-2025-9961","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-9961","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T03:26:42.262Z","title":"An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.","description":"An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500. \n\nThe exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack. \n\nThis issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.","published":"2025-09-06T07:15:34.000Z","lastModified":"2026-09-26T00:10:00.000Z","status":"Deferred","sourceIdentifier":"f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-120"],"affected":[],"epss":{"score":0.10563,"percentile":0.95746,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"urgent","text":"EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 10.6%, higher than 96% of all known CVEs. Patch or mitigate before the next change window."},"changes":[{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.10479,"from":0.09984,"percentile":0.95702},"summary":"EPSS moved from 10.0% to 10.5% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."}],"references":[{"url":"https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679","source":"f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630"},{"url":"https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/","source":"f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630"},{"url":"https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/","source":"f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630"},{"url":"https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/","source":"f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9961","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}