{"id":"CVE-2025-8591","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-8591","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T00:18:29.029Z","title":"This condition allows an attacker to inject malicious script content into pages served by the application.","description":"The software accepts user-supplied input via a URL parameter without adequate output encoding before reflecting it back to the user's browser. This condition allows an attacker to inject malicious script content into pages served by the application.\n\nBy leveraging this weakness, an attacker can cause the user's browser to redirect to a malicious website, modify the UI of the webpage, or retrieve information from the browser. However, the impact is mitigated by the use of httpOnly flags on session-related cookies, preventing session hijacking.","published":"2026-07-06T11:16:26.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-06T22:10:00.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-79"],"affected":["wso2/api control plane","wso2/api manager","wso2/identity server","wso2/identity server as key manager","wso2/open banking am","wso2/open banking iam","wso2/traffic manager","wso2/universal gateway"],"epss":{"score":0.00253,"percentile":0.16627,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.25%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4343/","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8591","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}