{"id":"CVE-2025-62593","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-62593","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T04:46:38.676Z","title":"Ray-Project Ray Code Injection Vulnerability","description":"Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string \"Mozilla\" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.","published":"2025-11-26T23:15:48.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-19T13:10:00.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":9.4,"severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-94","CWE-352"],"affected":["anyscale/ray"],"epss":{"score":0.6015,"percentile":0.99131,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[{"date":"2026-09-24","score":0.2729,"percentile":0.97989},{"date":"2026-09-25","score":0.62459,"percentile":0.99161},{"date":"2026-10-27","score":0.6015,"percentile":0.99131}]},"kev":{"listed":true,"dateAdded":"2026-08-17","dueDate":"2026-08-20","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","notes":"Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.\nhttps://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v ; https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09 ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593"},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"urgent","text":"Known to be exploited in the wild (CISA KEV, CISA remediation deadline 20 August 2026). Treat as an emergency change: patch or isolate now, then hunt for prior compromise."},"changes":[{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.62459,"from":0.2729,"percentile":0.99161},"summary":"EPSS moved from 27.3% to 62.5% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."},{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.2729,"from":0.16888,"percentile":0.97989},"summary":"EPSS moved from 16.9% to 27.3% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v","tags":["Exploit","Patch","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593","tags":["US Government Resource"],"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}