{"id":"CVE-2025-55003","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-55003","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T02:12:05.048Z","title":"In versions 2.3.1 and below, OpenBao's Login Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) system allows enforcing MFA using Time-based One Time Password (TOTP).","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, OpenBao's Login Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) system allows enforcing MFA using Time-based One Time Password (TOTP). Due to normalization applied by the underlying TOTP library, codes were accepted which could contain whitespace; this whitespace could bypass internal rate limiting of the MFA method and allow reuse of existing MFA codes. This issue was fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this, use of rate-limiting quotas can limit an attacker's ability to exploit this: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.","published":"2025-08-09T03:15:47.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T09:41:06.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-307"],"affected":["openbao/openbao"],"epss":{"score":0.00252,"percentile":0.16574,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.25%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-19-vault-login-mfa-bypass-of-rate-limiting-and-totp-token-reuse/76038","tags":["Not Applicable"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/8340a6918f6c41d8f75b6c3845c376d9dc32ed19","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-rxp7-9q75-vj3p","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55003","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}