{"id":"CVE-2025-12121","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-12121","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T03:30:06.032Z","title":"Lite XL versions 2.1.8 and prior contain a vulnerability in the system.exec function, which allowed arbitrary command execution through unsanitized shell command construction.","description":"Lite XL versions 2.1.8 and prior contain a vulnerability in the system.exec function, which allowed arbitrary command execution through unsanitized shell command construction. This function was used in project directory launching (core.lua), drag-and-drop file handling (rootview.lua), and the “open in system” command in the treeview plugin (treeview.lua). If an attacker could influence input to system.exec, they might execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the Lite XL process.","published":"2025-11-20T17:15:49.000Z","lastModified":"2026-10-19T13:10:00.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"cret@cert.org","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":7.3,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},"cwe":["CWE-78"],"affected":["lite-xl/lite xl"],"epss":{"score":0.00375,"percentile":0.31263,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.38%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/lite-xl/lite-xl/pull/2163","tags":["Patch"],"source":"cret@cert.org"},{"url":"https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/579478","tags":["Exploit","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cret@cert.org"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12121","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}