{"id":"CVE-2025-11165","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2025-11165","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T00:20:48.638Z","title":"A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl.","description":"A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl.\n\nBy dynamically modifying the Velocity engine’s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections.\n\nOnce these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).","published":"2026-02-24T09:16:12.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T08:29:47.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"security@dotcms.com","cvss":{"version":"4.0","score":9.4,"severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/M"},"cwe":["CWE-89"],"affected":["dotcms/dotcms"],"epss":{"score":0.00345,"percentile":0.2778,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (0.34%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://dev.dotcms.com/docs/known-security-issues?issueNumber=SI-74","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security@dotcms.com"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11165","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}