{"id":"CVE-2023-53501","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2023-53501","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T01:48:09.745Z","title":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind\n\nWhen unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.\n\nTo prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.\n    * set to 1 on pasid bind\n    * incremented on each ppr notification start\n    * decremented on each ppr notification done\n    * decremented on pasid unbind\n\nSince refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:\n  the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on\n  pasid unbind:\n        REFCOUNT_WARN(\"decrement hit 0; leaking memory\")\n\nFix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test\nto explicitly handle refcount=1.","published":"2025-10-01T12:15:54.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T06:45:29.000Z","status":"Analyzed","sourceIdentifier":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":4.7,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},"cwe":[],"affected":["linux/linux kernel"],"epss":{"score":0.0015,"percentile":0.04114,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.15%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/13ed255248dfbbb7f23f9170c7a537fb9ca22c73","tags":["Patch"],"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/534103bcd52ca9c1fecbc70e717b4a538dc4ded8","tags":["Patch"],"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98d86bf32187db27946ca817c2467a5f2f7aa02f","tags":["Patch"],"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ccc51be3126b25cfe9351dbffde946c925cc28a","tags":["Patch"],"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a50d60b8f2aff46dd7c7edb4a5835cdc4d432c22","tags":["Patch"],"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53501","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}