{"id":"CVE-2023-27581","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2023-27581","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T01:13:27.460Z","title":"github-slug-action is a GitHub Action to expose slug value of GitHub environment variables inside of one's GitHub workflow.","description":"github-slug-action is a GitHub Action to expose slug value of GitHub environment variables inside of one's GitHub workflow. Starting in version 4.0.0` and prior to version 4.4.1, this action uses the `github.head_ref` parameter in an insecure way. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub on any workflow using the action on pull requests. They just need to create a pull request with a branch name, which can contain the attack payload. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and to exfiltrate any secrets one uses in the CI pipeline. A patched action is available in version 4.4.1. No workaround is available.","published":"2023-03-13T21:15:14.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T05:45:31.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"security-advisories@github.com","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":8.8,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},"cwe":["CWE-77"],"affected":["github-slug-action project/github-slug-action"],"epss":{"score":0.01576,"percentile":0.75293,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (1.58%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/commit/102b1a064a9b145e56556e22b18b19c624538d94","tags":["Patch"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/releases/tag/v4.4.1","tags":["Release Notes"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/security/advisories/GHSA-6q4m-7476-932w","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-untrusted-input/","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/commit/102b1a064a9b145e56556e22b18b19c624538d94","tags":["Patch"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/releases/tag/v4.4.1","tags":["Release Notes"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action/security/advisories/GHSA-6q4m-7476-932w","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-untrusted-input/","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27581","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}