{"id":"CVE-2023-2728","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2023-2728","generatedAt":"2026-10-25T02:13:43.984Z","title":"Users may be able to launch containers that bypass the mountable secrets policy enforced by the ServiceAccount admission plugin when using ephemeral containers.","description":"Users may be able to launch containers that bypass the mountable secrets policy enforced by the ServiceAccount admission plugin when using ephemeral containers. The policy ensures pods running with a service account may only reference secrets specified in the service account’s secrets field. Kubernetes clusters are only affected if the ServiceAccount admission plugin and the `kubernetes.io/enforce-mountable-secrets` annotation are used together with ephemeral containers.","published":"2023-07-03T21:15:10.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T05:53:18.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"jordan@liggitt.net","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":6.5,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-20"],"affected":["kubernetes/kubernetes"],"epss":{"score":0.02157,"percentile":0.82052,"date":"2026-10-23","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (2.16%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/06/3","tags":["Mailing List"],"source":"jordan@liggitt.net"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/118640","tags":["Issue Tracking"],"source":"jordan@liggitt.net"},{"url":"https://groups.google.com/g/kubernetes-security-announce/c/vPWYJ_L84m8","tags":["Mailing List"],"source":"jordan@liggitt.net"},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230803-0004/","source":"jordan@liggitt.net"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/06/3","tags":["Mailing List"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/118640","tags":["Issue Tracking"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://groups.google.com/g/kubernetes-security-announce/c/vPWYJ_L84m8","tags":["Mailing List"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230803-0004/","source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2728","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}