{"id":"CVE-2017-17688","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2017-17688","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T00:57:45.327Z","title":"The OpenPGP specification allows a Cipher Feedback Mode (CFB) malleability-gadget attack that can indirectly lead to plaintext exfiltration, aka EFAIL.","description":"The OpenPGP specification allows a Cipher Feedback Mode (CFB) malleability-gadget attack that can indirectly lead to plaintext exfiltration, aka EFAIL. NOTE: third parties report that this is a problem in applications that mishandle the Modification Detection Code (MDC) feature or accept an obsolete packet type, not a problem in the OpenPGP specification","published":"2018-05-16T19:29:00.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T01:11:30.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"cve@mitre.org","cvss":{"version":"3.0","score":5.9,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},"cwe":[],"affected":["apple/mail","bloop/airmail","emclient/emclient","flipdogsolutions/maildroid","freron/mailmate","horde/horde imp","microsoft/outlook","mozilla/thunderbird","postbox-inc/postbox","r2mail2/r2mail2","roundcube/webmail"],"epss":{"score":0.05443,"percentile":0.92683,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (5.44%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://flaked.sockpuppet.org/2018/05/16/a-unified-timeline.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104162","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040904","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://efail.de","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://lists.gnupg.org/pipermail/gnupg-users/2018-May/060334.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17066419","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://protonmail.com/blog/pgp-vulnerability-efail","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://twitter.com/matthew_d_green/status/995996706457243648","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://www.patreon.com/posts/cybersecurity-15-18814817","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://www.synology.com/support/security/Synology_SA_18_22","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://flaked.sockpuppet.org/2018/05/16/a-unified-timeline.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104162","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040904","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://efail.de","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://lists.gnupg.org/pipermail/gnupg-users/2018-May/060334.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17066419","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://protonmail.com/blog/pgp-vulnerability-efail","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://twitter.com/matthew_d_green/status/995996706457243648","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://www.patreon.com/posts/cybersecurity-15-18814817","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://www.synology.com/support/security/Synology_SA_18_22","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17688","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}