{"id":"CVE-2017-12611","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2017-12611","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T20:26:22.503Z","title":"In Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.33 and 2.5 through 2.5.10.1, using an unintentional expression in a Freemarker tag instead of string literals can lead to a RCE attack.","description":"In Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.33 and 2.5 through 2.5.10.1, using an unintentional expression in a Freemarker tag instead of string literals can lead to a RCE attack.","published":"2017-09-20T17:29:00.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T01:03:37.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"security@apache.org","cvss":{"version":"3.0","score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},"cwe":["CWE-20"],"affected":["apache/struts"],"epss":{"score":0.87123,"percentile":0.99748,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[{"date":"2026-09-21","score":0.95484,"percentile":0.9987},{"date":"2026-09-22","score":0.87123,"percentile":0.99742}]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":1,"verified":true,"firstPublished":"2017-09-08","source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[{"edbId":44556,"kind":"exploit","title":"Apache Struts 2.0.1 < 2.3.33 / 2.5 < 2.5.10 - Arbitrary Code Execution","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44556","sourceUrl":"https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb/-/blob/main/exploits/multiple/remote/44556.py","file":"exploits/multiple/remote/44556.py","published":"2017-09-08","added":"2018-04-29","updated":"2018-09-11","author":"brianwrf","type":"remote","platform":"multiple","port":null,"verified":true,"codes":["CVE-2017-12611"],"tags":null,"aliases":"S2-053","applicationUrl":null,"screenshotUrl":"http://www.exploit-db.com/screenshots/idlt45000/44556.png","referenceUrl":"https://github.com/brianwrf/S2-053-CVE-2017-12611/blob/a587bbdc79843fe44ad3fe0439d7add3f887bc31/exploit.py"}]},"verdict":{"level":"urgent","text":"EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 87.1%, higher than 100% of all known CVEs. Patch or mitigate before the next change window."},"changes":[{"kind":"epss","label":"EPSS jump","at":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","detail":{"to":0.95484,"from":0.87123,"percentile":0.9987},"summary":"EPSS moved from 87.1% to 95.5% probability of exploitation in the next thirty days."}],"references":[{"url":"http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2017-003.txt","tags":["Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security@apache.org"},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2017-9805-3889403.html","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security@apache.org"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100829","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"security@apache.org"},{"url":"https://kb.netapp.com/support/s/article/ka51A000000CgttQAC/NTAP-20170911-0001","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"security@apache.org"},{"url":"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-053.html","tags":["Exploit","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"security@apache.org"},{"url":"http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2017-003.txt","tags":["Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2017-9805-3889403.html","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100829","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://kb.netapp.com/support/s/article/ka51A000000CgttQAC/NTAP-20170911-0001","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-053.html","tags":["Exploit","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12611","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}