{"id":"CVE-2016-9604","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2016-9604","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T20:05:36.331Z","title":"This allows root to bypass module signature verification by adding a new public key of its own devising to the keyring.","description":"It was discovered in the Linux kernel before 4.11-rc8 that root can gain direct access to an internal keyring, such as '.dns_resolver' in RHEL-7 or '.builtin_trusted_keys' upstream, by joining it as its session keyring. This allows root to bypass module signature verification by adding a new public key of its own devising to the keyring.","published":"2018-07-11T13:29:00.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T00:56:20.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"secalert@redhat.com","cvss":{"version":"3.0","score":4.4,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-732","CWE-347"],"affected":["linux/linux kernel"],"epss":{"score":0.00271,"percentile":0.19202,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"low","text":"Lower severity and a low EPSS score (0.27%). Track it; it rarely justifies an emergency change on its own."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/2016/CVE-2016-9604.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102135","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1842","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2077","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2669","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1035576","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2016-9604","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ee8f844e3c5a73b999edf733df1c529d6503ec2f","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"http://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/2016/CVE-2016-9604.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102135","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1842","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2077","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2669","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1035576","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2016-9604","tags":["Issue Tracking","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ee8f844e3c5a73b999edf733df1c529d6503ec2f","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9604","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}