{"id":"CVE-2016-9122","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2016-9122","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T19:46:40.543Z","title":"go-jose before 1.0.4 suffers from multiple signatures exploitation.","description":"go-jose before 1.0.4 suffers from multiple signatures exploitation. The go-jose library supports messages with multiple signatures. However, when validating a signed message the API did not indicate which signature was valid, which could potentially lead to confusion. For example, users of the library might mistakenly read protected header values from an attached signature that was different from the one originally validated.","published":"2017-03-28T02:59:00.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T00:55:33.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"support@hackerone.com","cvss":{"version":"3.0","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-284"],"affected":["go-jose project/go-jose"],"epss":{"score":0.01969,"percentile":0.80296,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (1.97%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/11/03/1","tags":["Mailing List","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"support@hackerone.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/square/go-jose/commit/2c5656adca9909843c4ff50acf1d2cf8f32da7e6","tags":["Issue Tracking","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"support@hackerone.com"},{"url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/169629","tags":["Permissions Required"],"source":"support@hackerone.com"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/11/03/1","tags":["Mailing List","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/square/go-jose/commit/2c5656adca9909843c4ff50acf1d2cf8f32da7e6","tags":["Issue Tracking","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/169629","tags":["Permissions Required"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9122","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}