{"id":"CVE-2016-7798","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2016-7798","generatedAt":"2026-10-28T19:46:27.522Z","title":"The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism.","description":"The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism.","published":"2017-01-30T22:59:01.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T00:53:31.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"cve@mitre.org","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},"cwe":["CWE-326"],"affected":["ruby-lang/openssl","debian/debian linux"],"epss":{"score":0.03167,"percentile":0.87942,"date":"2026-10-27","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (3.17%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6","tags":["Mailing List","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"cve@mitre.org"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6","tags":["Mailing List","Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062","tags":["Patch","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7798","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}