{"id":"CVE-2016-4991","url":"https://www.cyber-defence.io/tools/cve/CVE-2016-4991","generatedAt":"2026-10-27T22:05:36.483Z","title":"This can be abused to achieve command execution.","description":"Input passed to the Pdf() function is shell escaped and passed to child_process.exec() during PDF rendering. However, the shell escape does not properly encode all special characters, namely, semicolon and curly braces. This can be abused to achieve command execution. This problem affects nodepdf 1.3.0.","published":"2022-07-28T17:15:08.000Z","lastModified":"2026-06-17T00:48:34.000Z","status":"Modified","sourceIdentifier":"secalert@redhat.com","cvss":{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},"cwe":["CWE-77"],"affected":["nodepdf project/nodepdf"],"epss":{"score":0.0184,"percentile":0.78834,"date":"2026-10-26","history":[]},"kev":{"listed":false},"exploits":{"count":0,"verified":false,"firstPublished":null,"source":"Exploit-DB (https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb)","entries":[]},"verdict":{"level":"high","text":"High impact if exploited, but EPSS currently rates exploitation as unlikely (1.84%). Schedule it in the normal patch cycle and watch for a rise in EPSS or a public exploit."},"changes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://lf.lc/cve/cve-2016-4991/","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"secalert@redhat.com"},{"url":"https://lf.lc/cve/cve-2016-4991/","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"source":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"sources":{"nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4991","epss":"https://www.first.org/epss/","kev":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","exploitdb":"https://www.exploit-db.com/"},"licence":"CC BY 4.0 — link back to the CVE Explorer if you publish the results; upstream data remains subject to its own terms."}